Saturday, October 29, 2016

SOURCE :

India is offering to buy hundreds of fighter planes from foreign manufacturers - as long as the jets are made in India and with a local partner, air force officials say.
A deal for 200 single-engine planes produced in India - which the air force says could rise to 300 as it fully phases out ageing Soviet-era aircraft - could be worth anything from $13-$15 billion, experts say, potentially one of the country's biggest military aircraft deals.
After a deal to buy high-end Rafale planes from France's Dassault was scaled back to just 36 jets last month, the Indian Air Force is desperately trying to speed up other acquisitions and arrest a fall in operational strength, now a third less than required to face both China and Pakistan.
PICS: India's military might packs a mean punch
Surrounded by hostile neighbours, India has fought numerous wars to protect its sovereignty and as deterrent to any future hostility, it has one of most well-armed, trained and disciplined military force in the world. We take a look at the men and the weapons of the Indian armed forces.
Picture: Indian Air Force Sukhoi Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft patrol the skies over the Himalayas.

A contingent of Indian Army's parachute regiment, including special forces, doubles past the saluting dais during the Republic Day parade in Delhi.


INS Kochi, India's deadliest ever warship


An Indian Navy personnel gestures on the deck of the newly built INS Kochi, a guided missile destroyer, during a media tour at the naval dockyard in Mumbai, India September 28, 2015. The warship is the second ship in the Indian Navy to have multi-function surveillance and threat alert radar to provide information about targets for a long-range surface-to-air missile system, according to a media release issued by the Indian Navy.

INS Kochi, India's deadliest ever warship


An Indian Navy personnel looks on as he stands in front of the rocket launcher system mounted on the deck of the newly built INS Kochi, a guided missile destroyer, during a media tour at the naval dockyard in Mumbai, India September 28, 2015.


India has purchased 36 Rafale fighter aircraft from France to replenish Indian Air Force's depleting squadron strength. 


The Rafale is a 4.5 generation fighter aircraft and it has seen extensive action in the skies over Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Mali and Syria. Armed with the latest weaponry and avionics, the Rafale will give the IAF an edge over rivals in the region.


Aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya joined the Indian Navy in 2013 and it helps the navy in projecting power well beyond India’s maritime borders. Vikramaditya carries the lethal MiG-29K supersonic fighter aircraft which can decimate any aerial threat to the ship and also destroy ground targets with equal ease.


The indigenous Tejas fighter aircraft will be the mainstay of the Indian Air Force in the coming years once the Mark II enters service in 2022. Tejas will replace the MiG 21 and 27. 


A sniper of the Indian Army armed with a Russian-made Dragunov sniper rifle keeps vigil near the Line of Control.


The indigenous Akash surface to air missile has been developed by DRDO and is in service with the army and the air force. A battery of Akash missiles can track 64 targets at a time and fire missiles at 12 of the most threatening ones, which include aircraft, ballistic missile, drones and other aerial targets.


T-90 main battle tanks and BMP-2 infantry combat vehicles practice manoeuvers in Rajasthan. Both T-90 and the BMP-2, which carries soldiers into battle, are at the top of their game and in the event of war, will lead the armoured thrust.


The Sukhoi Su-30 MKI is the mainstay of the Indian Air Force. The twin-seat fighter aircraft is the best aircraft in its class and is the only fighter in the air force which has the range and weapons load to strike deep into enemy territory.


Soldiers of the ‘ghatak’ platoon during Republic Day parade rehearsal in Kolkata on January 24, 2016. Each of Indian Army’s infantry battalion has a platoon (30 soldiers) trained as commandos. They are tasked with the most dangerous missions and they also act as pathfinders. They are equipped with a variety of weapons including Brügger & Thomet MP9 sub-machine guns, AK-47 and INSAS assault rifles.



The mighty Bofors FH77 155 mm howitzer, which has been at the center of controversy for so many years, proved its worth during the 1999 Kargil war when it was successfully used in direct-fire roll against Pakistan bunkers atop mountains captured by Pakistani troops. The Bofors was one of the weapons which won the war for India.


The Boeing C-17 Globemaster transport aircraft is a giant of the skies and it can transport troops and material across thousands of miles and land on unpaved, short runways. The aircraft proved very useful in disaster relief operations, flying in aid and flying out the sick and injured during natural calamities in Uttarakhand, Kashmir and other places.


Paratroopers jump out of an Indian Air Force C-130J Hercules transport aircraft. The C-130J’s main task will be to insert special operation forces into enemy territory during day/night all-weather conditions.


An Ilyushin Il-78 aerial tanker of the Indian Air Force refuels Mirage 2000 fighter aircraft.


The MiG 29K fighter aircraft of the Indian Navy provides the teeth to INS Vikramaditya aircraft carrier. This supersonic fighter aircraft is replacing the venerable subsonic Sea Harrier jump jet.


The indigenous Dhruv multi-purpose helicopter of the Indian Army carries a gypsy during a training exercise in the Thar desert in Rajasthan. Dhruv equips all three wings of the armed forces and also paramilitary forces.


Operatives of the special operations forces of the Indian Navy known as the Marine Commandos or Marcos, slither down from a Sea King helicopter to a waiting zodiac boat. Marcos are the most secretive special forces in India and not much is known about the operations they have carried out though during the 1999 Kargil war, they were said to have carried out numerous cross-LoC raids to neutralize enemy targets.



A marine commando, armed with an AK-103 automatic assault rifle and SIG P226 pistol, provides perimeter security around a helipad used by US president Barack Obama during his 2010 visit to Mumbai.


A T-72 MBT of the Indian Army swims through a canal during a training exercise.


An officer of the elite special forces of the Indian Army displays the Tavor assault rifle, the primary weapon of the special forces.


An Indian Air Force Beriev A-50EI Mainstay airborne early warning and control system (AWACS) aircraft comes into land. In the foreground anti-aircraft surface-to-air missile carrier with SAM-3 missiles loaded can be seen.


Soldiers of the Indian army head for the beach during an amphibious landing exercise in the Arabian Sea.


Supersonic Brahmos surface-to-surface missiles on display during the Republic day parade.


Nuclear-capable Agni V intercontinental ballistic missile is launched during a test.


Special forces personnel of the Indian army during a training exercise in the Thar desert in Rajasthan.


An Israeli-made Spike anti-tank guided missile, which will equip infantry battalions of the Indian army.


A Tunguska surface-to-air missile (SAM) system of the Indian army.


A soldier from the Sikh regiment of the Indian Army displays a Carl Gustav anti-tank weapon system.


A M777 lightweight 155mm howitzer in action with the US army in Afghanistan. The Indian Army is all set to get this gun to equip its mountain corps.


A Chinook heavy lift helicopter of the US Army. The Indian Air Force is buying this machine.


The world’s most lethal attack helicopter, the Apache, will soon don Indian Air force colours.


A BMP-2 ICV climbs out of a water canal during a training exercise in Punjab.


Pinaka surface-to-surface rocket launchers on display during Army Day parade.


INS Teg, a frigate of the Indian Navy on a friendly visit to Germany on Elbe river, near Hamburg.

We take a look at how the army is taking on terrorist infiltration from across the Line of Control (LoC) in the state of Jammu and Kashmir





Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


Bodies of militants who were gunned down after they entered Jammu and Kashmir are displayed for the media in Srinagar




Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


Indian army soldiers surround a house in Kashmir, where militants took shelter after crossing into India from Pakistan occupied Kashmir



Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


Army and civilian vehicles on the road from Srinagar, capital of Jammu and Kashmir, to Leh. The road passes very close to the LoC and during the Kargil War of 1999, it was under constant artillery fire from the Pakistan side



Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


Soldiers from the army as well as the BSF have to brave elements, including heavy snow, to maintain constant vigil and thwart any infiltration bid from across the LoC


Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


An Indian army soldier, armed with an automatic grenade launcher, keeps a watch on the LoC



Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


Soldiers bridge the gap between the two Kashmirs in a rare moment of peace between the two nations, which have been in constant confrontation over Kashmir since 1947



Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


Caskets draped in the tricolor and carrying bodies of Indian army soldiers, who were martyred on the LoC in an encounter with a combined force of Pakistan army regular and militants from LeT in 2013, awaiting journey home



Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


Soldiers in mine-resistant boots train to locate mines and IEDs



Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


An officer of the Indian army displays a remote control used to detonate improvised explosive device (IED), captured from militants


Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


Soldiers patrol along the Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir



Line of Contention between India and Pakistan


Pakistani currency found on the bodies of militants gunned down by the Indian army



49/49 SLIDES
But Prime Minister Narendra Modi's administration wants any further military planes to be built in India with an Indian partner to kickstart a domestic aircraft industry, and end an expensive addiction to imports.


Lockheed Martin said it is interested in setting up a production line for its F-16 plane in India for not just the Indian military, but also for export.


And Sweden's Saab has offered a rival production line for its Gripen aircraft, setting up an early contest for one of the biggest military plane deals in play.


deals in play.














"The immediate shortfall is 200. That would be the minimum we would be looking at," said an air officer briefed on the Make-in-India plans under which a foreign manufacturer will partner local firms to build the aircraft with technology transfer.


India's defence ministry has written to several companies asking if they would be willing to set up an assembly line for single-engine fighter planes in India and the amount of technology transfer that would happen, another government source said.
"We are testing the waters, testing the foreign firms' willingness to move production here and to find out their expectations," the person said.


OPERATIONAL GAPS

India's air force originally planned for 126 Rafale twin-engine fighters from Dassault, but the two sides could not agree on the terms of local production with a state-run Indian firm and settled for 36 planes in a fly-away condition.

Adding to the military's problems is India's three-decade effort to build a single-engine fighter of its own which was meant to be the backbone of the air force. Only two of those Light Combat Aircraft, called Tejas, have been delivered to the air force which has ordered 140 of them.
The Indian Air Force is down to 32 operational squadrons compared with the 45 it has said are necessary, and in March the vice chief Air Marshal B.S. Dhanoa told parliament's defence committee that it didn't have the operational strength to fight a two front war against China and Pakistan.



JET MAKERS RESPOND


Saab said it was ready to not only produce its frontline Gripen fighter in India, but help build a local aviation industry base.


"We are very experienced in transfer of technology – our way of working involves extensive cooperation with our partners to establish a complete ecosystem, not just an assembly line," said Jan Widerström, Chairman and Managing Director, Saab India Technologies.
He confirmed Saab had received the letter from the Indian government seeking a fourth generation fighter. A source close to the company said that while there was no minimum order set in stone for it to lay down a production line, they would expect to build at least 100 planes at the facility.
Lockheed Martin said it had responded to the defence ministry's letter with an offer to transfer the entire production of its F-16 fighter to India.


"Exclusive F-16 production in India would make India home to the world's only F-16 production facility, a leading exporter of advanced fighter aircraft, and offer Indian industry the opportunity to become an integral part of the world's largest fighter aircraft supply chain," Abhay Paranjape, National Executive for Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Business Development in India said in an email.




U.S. TOP SUPPLIER

Lockheed's offer comes on the back of expanding U.S.-India military ties in which Washington has emerged as India's top arms supplier in recent years, ousting old ally Russia.
Earlier this year Boeing also offered India its twin-engine F/A-18 Hornets, but the level of technology transfer was not clear.


India has never previously attempted to build a modern aircraft production line, whether military or civilian. State-run Hindustan Aeronautics (HAL) has assembled Russian combat jets including the Su-30, but these are under licensed production.


"We have never had control over technology. This represents the most serious attempt to build a domestic base. A full or a near-full tech transfer lays the ground for further development," said retired Indian air marshal M. Matheswaran, a former adviser at HAL.

He said the Indian government would be looking at producing at least 200 fighters, and then probably some more, to make up for the decades of delay in modernising the air force.



















 

Friday, October 28, 2016

ADM & MORAL : The Armed Forces in India are Always Getting Short Shrif

SOURCE:
http://www.hindustantimes.com/analysis/the-armed-forces-in-india-are-always-getting-short-shrift/story-0jxi6S6My0iWr9vgru9pGN.html



              The Armed Forces in India

                                     are

                Always Getting Short Shrif

                                    BY

                           Kamal Davar

 

The armed forces of India are the last bastion of the State, protectors of its sovereignty and upholders of its constitutional values, and, since the nation’s independence in 1947, have always answered the call of the nation admirably, unmindful of the supreme sacrifices they have made in the line of duty. The world over, the Indian armed forces are admired by other militaries for their professionalism and discipline. They are, undoubtedly, the most loved and revered institution in India. Nevertheless, it is also a painfully inexplicable fact that successive governments, specifically the politico-bureaucratic elite, have been hitting at their esteem and pride, for reasons that no other democratic nation in the world will be able to fathom.


Read: Lowering the status of the armed forces will affect their morale

 
It is an established fact that since 1947, the most powerful instrument of the nation has been kept out of macro-level decision-making even in security and strategic matters! In a democracy, civilian supremacy over all other organs is an unquestionable principle but that means the supremacy of the elected government and not of the civilian bureaucracy! However, in India, a self-serving bureaucracy has ensured, through an ill-informed political leadership, to downgrade the status, pay and allowances, pensions and privileges of its armed forces vis-à-vis other central government services. Successive Pay Commissions since 1973, ironically, after India’s glorious military victory in 1971, which led to the creation of Bangladesh, heralded the marginalising of the military in more than a dozen ways.


Read: Indian soldiers were bravest, says WW-II British army commander


 
Coming to the current times, the grave injustices to the armed forces and the Seventh Pay Commission’s anomalies with regard to the three services have been conveyed by the service chiefs to the Prime Minister. Reportedly, the chiefs said that this Pay Commission had “artificially suppressed” the salaries of service officers and, at each rank, service officers have ended up being lower than their civilian counterparts in the pay scale. Further, the non-acceptance of their demand for ‘Non-Functional Upgrade’ has widened the gap with other central government employees. Even ex-servicemen with 100% disabilities have been given short shrift. For example, a warrant officer of the Air Force with a 100% disability will get Rs 12,000 per month whereas his civilian counterpart Rs 27,690! It is also a matter of record that the anomalies of the Sixth Pay Commission, presented to the government more than 10 years ago, still remain uncorrected!
 
One of the most painful realities in the downgrading of the armed forces has been their decline in the government’s order of precedence (OOP) vis-à-vis their civilian counterparts. The OOP represents the protocol of the official hierarchy of the Republic of India and thus the pride and status of all its government employees. This decline has been going on for decades. A few days ago, a letter supposedly issued by the ministry of defence and that has gone viral in the media is the downgrade of the armed forces officers compared to their civilian counterparts of the armed forces headquarters cadre. This has resulted in much resentment among the services. It appears from media reports that defence minister Manohar Parrikar has assured the armed forces that any wrong orders issued will be rescinded by his ministry with immediate effect. The armed forces want nothing from the government but that well-established and time-honoured equivalence with their civil counterparts must not be disturbed because any breakdown in the arrangement will affect the working relations between them and their civilian counterparts.



Generally high on symbolism, the government would do well to implement the ‘Chanakya Niti’ of having well-equipped and, importantly, highly motivated armed forces. It is a painful fact that not many suitable youngsters today wish to wear the uniform to serve the nation!


The author is a retired lieutenant general and the first chief of the Defence Intelligence Agency

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Wednesday, October 26, 2016

VETERANS Be a Force to Reckon With, Shun Politicking

SOURCE:
http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/comment/be-a-force-to-reckon-with-shun-politicking/314770.html



VETERANS Be a Force to Reckon With,

                            Shun Politicking

                                      By

                Lt Gen Bhopinder Singh(retd)








NEHRU was a utopian idealist with a dim view about the role and relevance of the armed forces, "We don't need a defence plan. Our policy is non-violence. We foresee no military threats. You can scrap the Army. The police are good enough to meet our security needs". Seen institutionally, as a legacy of the Empire — Nehru suffered the looming suspicion of a potential coup d'état, a la Pakistan in 1958. The debilitating “secondment” of the armed forces started immediately with the banishment of the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Armed forces — an earlier avatar of a much-bandied CDS (Chief of Defence Staff) today, who was second in the warrant of precedence. 





 An unkind Cut: Never before have veterans had to sit in protest at the Janpath in support of their demands. Ex-Army personnel must join politics across the board to influence decision making. Tribune photo: Manas Ranjan Bhui.


 

Today, the Army Chief has been steadily relegated to 12th in the warrant of precedence — a inexplicable slide that ironically followed every major engagement. For example, the 1962 war (saw the COAS go below the Cabinet Secretary), in the 1965 war (went further below to the Attorney General) and the 1971 war (saw the COAS go below the CAG, besides initiating the OROP disparities vis-à-vis other governmental functionaries). 


The damage was systemically infused, with the leftist-internationalist Nehru, disregarding the “security imperatives”, whilst propounding his strategic framework of the policies, for instance the disastrous “Forward Policy”, enforcing a loyalist VK Menon as the Defence Minister to keep the armed forces in “check” and the fracas with General Thimayya. The military was consistently squeezed for critical equipment and wares, susceptible to political interference and there was the emergence of the “pull" factor in major appointments. The inevitable ensued in 1962. Even the subsequent turn-around with the military glories of 1965 and 1971, did little to change the narrative of a wary political class, milking the armed forces with disdain. Appropriating military success


All political dispensations, without exception, are guilty of appropriating military success for harvesting electoral yield. The "Indira Wave" of 1972 owes its energy to the 1971 victory. Since then, multiple deployments in counter-insurgency, Siachen, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Kargil etc., have only led to condescending motherhood statements attributed to the armed forces. The political-civil-administrative nexus of all the political parties has perpetuated the rot — be it George Fernandes insisting that the then Army Chief SF Rodrigues apologise for calling some countries "bandicoot", to the sacking of the Naval Chief in 1999 by the NDA government or the debilitating lack of investment by the UPA government. Of course, to the now-successful espousal of the concerns of the armed forces in the run-up to the 2014 General Election. However, with the subsequent short-changing and reneging of OROP promises and the inelegant political usurpation of the "surgical strikes", as a demonstration of political brilliance! The agenda of all politicians, irrespective of the theatrics and shenanigans on the hyper-nationalistic debates in the television rooms, has been guilty of politicising the armed forces. This is done while ensuring a parallel run of “secondment” by going back on OROP commitments, and worse, knowingly accepting the deviousness of the Seventh Pay Commission which retains the sliding trend.


Our national policies are bereft of adequate security dimensions and appreciation. Therefore, we need more participation of the military or the veterans in the public domain. Unlike China or the USA, the composition of the national security framework is devoid of the military expertise (the NSA of Pakistan is a military veteran). It does not matter which political party a veteran joins. The more widespread the representation, the better would be the espousal of the institutional cause, perspective and dimension towards political policies. However, the clear usurpation of the military to be an exclusive domain of any one party is a regrettable position and a clear spin in political marketing. The concerns in the official status, emoluments, equipment and investments in the armed forces remains unequivocally unfair. The increased pressure put on the military to pick up the gauntlet for the other failed governmental institutions, has only increased.


The much-required presence of the military men in the television newsroom has unfortunately transgressed from propagating institutional concerns and domain expertise on security matters towards political colouring and a fixation towards certain political parties. For a proudly apolitical profession, which has maintained its operational efficacy —despite the disastrous political interventions and appropriations of the past —care must be taken to ensure the correctness, objectivity and sobriety that is symbolised by the classical image of an "officer and a gentleman". Recently, the optics of shrill mud-slinging, bombastic bravado and thunderous derision are reminiscent of the political crassness and one-upmanship. The armed forces are the only institution that affords the unique dignity of pre-fixing the "rank" to a name. This warrants certain behavioural conduct and restraint, as the words of the veteran willy-nilly tantamount to the institutional position and imagery. 


Dangers of overt politicisation of the armed forces manifest in the political baiting of the armed forces for electoral gratification. Recently, a new low has been touched with the provincial MNS chief using the armed forces as a convenient appendage. The “Rs 5 crore threat” to the pusillanimous and equally condescending Bollywood is an affront of unbelievable proportions to the armed forces and to the nation, as a whole. For a politician whose recent love for the armed forces was preceded by wont illiberalism and hatred for non-state natives, would never understand how a proud "Maratha" officer, who went up to become the Chief of Army Staff, General JJ Singh was actually a Sikh or how, arguably the finest brain to adorn the Indian military uniform was a "Mahar" officer, General K Sundarji, a Tamilian (if demographic-geographical-historical connect of Maharashtra were to be linked to the armed forces).


The country needs more military men in public and political space and not less. However, it is the likes of the rare Jaswant Singh who embellished his political journey with military aplomb, sensibilities and care that brought the much-needed security perspective, élan and institutional concern. Importantly, military men in political fatigues are free to postulate political positions in debates, on matters that are non-military, given their experience and tenure in far-flung areas. On military matters, they owe it to their alma mater and the nation to strip the same of any political colour and denomination. The influx of political flags and appropriation runs the real risk of the ensuing "secondment" getting accelerated with further fragmentation and division in the ranks — all political classes have used and abused the military for posturing muscular and nationalistic credentials. 


Politicians do not send their children to the armed forces, they are content to soak in the blood-soaked glory of armed forces. Never before, have the veterans been humiliated or had to sit on the footpath of Janpath and face the parallel ignominy of ostensible support to the institution. Ex-military men must join political parties to influence the governance, policies and politics of the politicians. They must not end up joining the “shouting-brigade” of the wily politicians, who would merrily lap up the spectre of the veterans joining their rank and conduct. Politicising of the armed forces is in full swing. The onus of seeing through the same and remaining committed to the institution and the nation only, lies on the ex-servicemen only.



The writer is a former Lt Governor of Puducherry & Andaman Islands.
 
 
 


 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



Sunday, October 23, 2016

DELIGHTFUL NEWS FOR DRINKERS - SO MANY BENEFITS !

SOURCE: ANONYMOUS







             DELIGHTFUL NEWS FOR DRINKERS
                     SO MANY BENEFITS !
 
                         NEVER SAY NO TO HEALTH PROMOTING DRINKS!   

                  Alcoholic Drinks That Might Secretly Keep You Healthy
                                
                               BY

               Dr. Sushma Jaiswal,  

M.Sc - Dietician / Nutritionist, B.Sc Home Science

According to the preconceived notion, drinking alcohol is harmful to the body. It is partly true. Drinking alcohol is harmful to the body, but only in huge proportions. In fact, despite popular belief, drinking alcohol is also good for health. Here are 8 alcohols that are secretly keeping you healthy:

*Beer*:

The most common alcoholic drink, beer is loaded with antioxidants called phenols. This protects you against suffering from heart diseases. Beer also lowers the risk of acquiring high blood pressure and helps maintaining it.

*Red Wine*:

Apart from being a classy drink and having the same benefits of beer, the additional brownie points of red wine is that it helps in increasing life span by generating longevity genes. It also increases good cholesterol and reduces bad cholesterol in the body.


*Vodka*:

Vodka helps in clearing bad breath as the high alcohol content kills all bad odour bacteria present. It also helps to reduce stress and disinfect wound. It improves the health of the skin and stimulates hair growth. Toothache is also another issue which Vodka can work wonders on.

*Whisky*:

Whisky helps to numb throat pain when it is gargled in a mixture with warm water. It stimulates weight loss. Whisky also helps in preventing dementia. Other benefits of this drink that it prevents diabetes and cancer. It also helps to keep the heart healthy, increases the level of good cholesterol and terminates blood clots. Whiskey is believed to be one of the healthiest drinks among the alcoholic beverages.

*Tonic*:

The combination of gin and tonic is very useful while treating malarial infection as it contains quinine; which is used for the treatment of malaria.

*Brandy*:

Brandy is one alcoholic drink which is full of healthy antioxidants. It has anti ageing properties; hence is very good for the skin. Brandy also reduces the level of bad cholesterol in the body. It also helps in the treatment of bladder and ovarian cancer as well as sore throats and cough.

*Rum*:

Rum increases life longevity. It is very beneficial for the heart. It also functions as a blood thinner and helps in increasing the level of good cholesterol. Having this wonderful drink occasionally also guards you against osteoporosis and common cold...


*CHEERS*!! ��������








Tuesday, October 18, 2016

SUBMARINES :Countering China: Even with Nuclear-Powered INS Arihant, India has a big Submarine Crisis!

SOURCE:http://www.msn.com/en-in/news/newsindia/countering-china-even-with-nuclear-powered-ins-arihant-india-has-a-big-submarine-crisis/ar-AAj5uJI?li=AAggbRN&ocid=iehp#image=AA8t4Pw|3




Countering China: Even with Nuclear-Powered INS Arihant, India has a big Submarine Crisis!


PM Modi Has Quietly Commissioned India's Nuclear Sub INS Arihant On Active Deterrent Patrol


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEIteU1SeNM  ]

 
 
 
India completes 'nuclear triad' with
 INS Arihant
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Indian Navy quietly added the much awaited INS Arihant, India's first indigenously-built nuclear submarine, to its fleet in August. The significance of this addition to India's depleting fleet of submarines cannot be overstated, especially at a time when tensions with Pakistan are running high and China is flexing its muscles in the Indian Ocean.

The INS Arihant is a 6,000-tonne submarine that is capable of launching nuclear weapons from underwater. Arihant is an SSBN, that is a submarine that can carry ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads. SSBNs are equipped with better stealth features and are larger compared to SSNs, which are nuclear-powered attack submarines. SSBNs are also said to be the 'best guarantor' of a second strike capability in a nuclear exchange.

The submarine is propelled by an 83 MW pressurised light-water reactor at its core. In 2013, the nuclear reactor of the submarine went 'critical' and from December 2014 onwards, the sea trials began, which included the test firing of K-series of missiles. The K-15 submarine-launched ballistic missile has a range of 750-km and the K-4 has a range of up to 3,500-km.


But the weapons integration will take some more time, which means that the INS Arihant is not yet fully ready to be deployed for deterrent patrols with nuclear-tipped ballistic missiles in its silos, says a TOI report.


READ: INS Arihant, Indian Navy's first indigenously-made nuclear submarine, commissioned quietly


But even as India gets the INS Arihant and prepares to induct the Scorpene-class INS Kalvari, there are major concerns over its ability to deter and counter the enemy with such a poor number of subs. India has only 13 conventional submarines, and these too are ageing. Indian Navy also has a nuclear-powered submarine, INS Chakra, that is on lease from Russia.


But, the Chakra is not armed with nuclear missiles! In 2015, the government had approved the construction of six nuclear-powered submarines, the SSNs, that is attack submarines that are not equipped with ballistic missiles. Add to that, the fact that there was a major data leak with regards to the stealth capabilities of Indian Navy's upcoming Scorpene-class submarines

This paints a very grim picture of India's submarine strength and its ability to check the enemy in its waters. To put things in global perspective, US has over 70 nuclear submarines and Russia has around 30. China has 5 nuclear submarines are over 51 conventional subs. It is already on course to induct around five SSBNs with missiles that have a range of up to 7,400 km!

PK Ghosh, a retired Indian Navy officer, and Senior Fellow at ORF feels that India's submarine fleet is an issue of grave concern.

"We are lagging behind in a big way when it comes to our submarine fleet. We are positioning ourselves in the current geostrategic environment, talking about the balance of power and guarantee of security. These are big words and we are eyeing an aspirational role, but the submarine fleet is a matter of great concern," Ghosh tells FE Online.

Flagging issues with current and future projects, Ghosh says, "The P-75 Scorpene project has been delayed endlessly and we need to upgrade our submarines, the current fleet is grossly inadequate. The Scorpene data has been exposed and there is no movement on the P-75I project.

One has to understand that the Indian Navy works with a lag, any new platform takes around 4-5 years to build." "China has anywhere between 55 to 65 conventional submarines and Pakistan has 5. India has 13, and if you assume an operational capability of 50%, then this is a serious condition," he adds.



With reference to the INS Arihant too, Ghosh says that India has been waiting for the nuclear submarine for quite some time now! "It is good that we have managed to get it. Not many countries in the world have the capability to build a nuclear submarine. But in my view, we need more teeth," Ghosh says.


"While INS Arihant is an excellent platform, a submarine is only as good as the weapons that it can fire. Currently, INS Arihant has the K-15 missiles. K4 missiles will be introduced later. See, the basic of a submarine like INS Arihant is that you can identify targets from the sea and fire on the land, or you can attack ships in the water. If you don't have the missile capability, then even an excellent platform like Arihant cannot help much."

"So while, we have achieved a major milestone with this 'Made In India' submarine, the platform needs to be fully utilised. For that the K4 missile needs to be operationalised," he rues.

Agrees Captain (Retd) SV Challapati, a defence industry expert, who believes that in the next 10 years, India needs at least 6 nuclear and 25-30 conventional submarines. "We have a grossly inadequate submarine fleet. A submarine is highly deterrent, it is an offensive weapon. And you need to rotate submarines at sea because there is a fatigue factor for the hull, the system and people. For India to be able to flex its muscles in a credible manner, especially with regards to China, we need to greatly enhance the number of submarines that we have," Challapati tells FE Online.

Which is not to say that INS Arihant and the programme involved in building it is any less important or insignificant. As Challapati notes, "The only two ways you can have a nuclear submarine is to either build it or lease it. But not many countries are willing to lease nuclear submarines like Russia has. There is a whole culture of trained manpower that is involved in a submarine programme. Whether it is a ship or a submarine, you need a lot of technical know-how, and capability to repair and operate. There is a whole doctrine around it. This has undoubtedly been a long journey for the Indian Navy and a big learning experience."

Ankur Gupta, Vice President Aerospace & Defence at Ernst Young India, sees the INS Arihant as a critical element of national security as well as an effective-deliverable nuclear deterrent.

"Approximately 17 years ago, the Indian Navy had approved a 30-year submarine capability plan which today seems to be behind schedule.

The private sector has limited experience but sufficient spare capacity and the MoD should leverage the Make in India initiative to overcome the submarine capability shortfall at the earliest through the utilisation of these domestic available assets," advises Ankur Gupta. "A quick decision on the proposed ?Strategic Partnership Model? in which submarines is one of the identified areas will also help boost confidence in the private sector and help the Navy in meeting its pre-set requirements," he tells FE Online.