SOURCE :
( ) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War#:~:text=According%20to%20BBC%20News%20Russian,Russian%20Airborne%20Forces%20(VDV).
According to BBC News Russian and the Mediazona news website, out of 7,505 Russian soldiers whose deaths they had documented by 13 October 2022, 17 percent (1,278) were officers, while 21 percent (1,558) were Motorized Rifle Troops and 16 percent (1,221) were members of the Russian Airborne Forces (VDV).
( UPDATED 19 Oct 2022 )
Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War (UPDATED 19 Oct 2022 )
From Wikipedia
Casualties in the Russo-Ukrainian War included six deaths during the 2014 annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, 14,200–14,400 civilians and military troops killed during the War in Donbas (2014–2022), and thousands of deaths during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
The Russian invasion of Crimea
During the Russian annexation of Crimea[1] from 23 February through 19 March 2014, six people were killed. The dead included three protesters,[2][3][4][5] two Ukrainian soldiers[6] , and one Russian Cossack paramilitary.[7] On 10 August 2016, Russia accused the Special Forces of Ukraine of conducting a raid near the Crimean town of Armiansk which killed two Russian servicemen. The government of Ukraine dismissed the report as a provocation.[8] Ten people forcibly disappeared between 2014 and 2016 and were still missing as of 2017.[9]
War in Donbas (before 2022 invasion)
Total deaths
Breakdown | Fatalities | Time period | Source |
---|---|---|---|
TOTAL | 14,200–14,400 killed | 6 April 2014 – 31 December 2021 | United Nations[10] |
Civilians | 3,404 killed (306 foreign) | 6 April 2014 – 31 December 2021 | United Nations[10] |
ZSU, NGU, SBGS and volunteer forces | 4,400 killed | 6 April 2014 – 31 December 2021 | United Nations[10] |
4,641 killed[note 1] | 6 April 2014 – 23 February 2022 | Museum of Military History[11][12][13] | |
DPR and LPR forces | 6,517 killed | 6 April 2014 – 23 February 2022 | United Nations, DPR & LPR[10][14][15] |
Russian Armed Forces | 400–500 killed[note 2] | 6 April 2014 – 10 March 2015 | US State Department[16] |
Initially, the known number of Ukrainian military casualties varied widely due to the Ukrainian Army drastically understating its casualties,[17] as reported by medics, activists and soldiers on the ground, as well as at least one lawmaker.[17][18][19][20][21] Several medical officials reported they were overstretched due to the drastic number of casualties.[17] Eventually, the Ukrainian Defence Ministry stated that the numbers recorded by the National Museum of Military History were the official ones, although still incomplete,[22] with 4,629 deaths (4,490 identified and 139 unidentified) cataloged by 1 December 2021.[11][12]
According to the Armed Forces of Ukraine, 1,175 of the Ukrainian servicemen died due to non-combat causes by 5 March 2021.[23] Subsequently, the military did not publish new figures on their non-combat losses, stating they could be considered a state secret.[24]
Deaths by regions
Deaths of Ukrainian soldiers in 2018.[25]
Region | Fatalities | Time period | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Donetsk region | 2,420 civilians and rebels killed[26] | 6 April 2014 – 15 February 2015 | OCHA |
Luhansk region | 1,185 civilians and rebels killed[note 3][26] | 1 May 2014 – 15 February 2015 | OCHA |
Donetsk region | 5,042 civilians and rebels killed[30] | 6 April 2014 – 18 February 2022 | DPR |
Luhansk region | 1,700–2,000 civilians and rebels killed[note 4] | 6 April 2014 – 25 March 2022 | LPR |
Missing and captured
At the beginning of June 2015, the Donetsk region's prosecutors reported 1,592 civilians had gone missing in government-controlled areas, of which 208 had been located.[35] At the same time, a report by the United Nations stated 1,331–1,460 people were missing, including at least 378 soldiers and 216 civilians. 345 unidentified bodies, of mostly soldiers, were also confirmed to be held at morgues in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast or buried.[36] In all, as of late October, 774 people were missing according to the government,[37] including 271 soldiers.[38] By the end of December 2017, the number of confirmed missing on the Ukrainian side was 402,[39] including 123 soldiers.[40] The separatists also reported 433 missing on their side by mid-December 2016,[41] and 321 missing by mid-February 2022.[30]
As of mid-March 2015, according to the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU), 1,553 separatists had been released from captivity during prisoner exchanges between the two sides.[42] Subsequently, Ukraine released another 322 people by late February 2016,[43][44][45][46] while by September, 1,598 security forces members and 1,484 civilians had been released by the rebels.[47] 1,110 separatist fighters and supporters, including 743 civilians, were reportedly still being held by Ukrainian forces as of late March 2016.[48] The figure of separatist prisoners was updated to 816, including 287–646 civilians, in December.[49][41] At the end of May 2015, the Ukrainian commander of Donetsk airport, Oleg Kuzminykh, who was captured during the battle for the complex, was released.[50]
In December 2017, a large prisoner exchange took place where the rebels released 73 out of 176 prisoners they were holding, while Ukraine released 306 out of 380 of their prisoners. Out of those that were released by Ukraine, 29 brought to the exchange point refused to go back to the separatist-held territory, while 40 who were already previously released did not show up for the exchange. Meanwhile, out of those released by the rebels, 32 were soldiers. This brought the overall number of prisoners released by the rebels to 3,215.[39] Among those still held by the separatists, 74 were soldiers.[51] The number of released prisoners was updated to 3,224 in late June 2018,[52] while the number of those still held by the rebels was put at 113.[53] At the end of December 2019, a new prisoner exchange took place, with Ukraine releasing 124 separatist fighters and their supporters, while 76 prisoners, including 12 soldiers, were returned to Ukraine by the rebels. Another five or six prisoners released by the separatists decided to stay in rebel-controlled territories.[54][55]
Foreign fighters
Foreign volunteers have been involved in the conflict, fighting on both sides. The NGO Cargo 200 reported that they documented the deaths of 1,479 Russian citizens while fighting as part of the rebel forces.[56] The United States Department of State estimated 400–500 of these were regular Russian soldiers.[16] Two Kyrgyz and one Georgian have also been killed fighting on the separatist side.[57][58] Additionally, at least 233 foreign-born Ukrainian citizens and 19 foreigners died on the Ukrainian side.[59] One of those killed was the former Chechen rebel commander Isa Munayev.[60]
In late August 2015, according to a reported leak by a Russian news site, Business Life (Delovaya Zhizn), 2,000 Russian soldiers had been killed in Ukraine by 1 February 2015.[61][62]
Foreign civilians and journalists
At least 306 foreign civilians were killed in the war in Donbas prior to the 2022 invasion:
- 298 passengers and crew of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17[63]
- Italian journalist Andrea Rocchelli and his Russian fixer and interpreter, activist Andrei Mironov[64][65]
- Four other civilian journalists and media workers from Russia: Igor Kornelyuk and Anton Voloshin, a correspondent and sound engineer respectively; Anatoly Klyan, a camera operator; and Andrey Stenin, a photojournalist[65]
- One Russian civilian killed in the shelling of Donetsk, Russia[66]
- One Lithuanian diplomat[67]
Landmines and other explosive remnants
As a consequence of the conflict, large swaths of the Donbas region have become contaminated with landmines and other explosive remnants of war (ERW).[68] According to the UN Humanitarian Coordinator in Ukraine, in 2020 Ukraine was of one of the most mine-affected countries in the world, with nearly 1,200 mine/ERW casualties since the beginning of the conflict in 2014.[69] A report by UNICEF released in December 2019 said that 172 children had been injured or killed due to landmines and other explosives.[70][71]
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
Total casualties
Breakdown | Casualties | Time period | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Civilians | 7,000–29,125+ killed (est.)[72][note 5] | 24 February – 11 October 2022 | Ukrainian government |
6,221 killed, 9,371 wounded (conf. minimum, thought higher) | 24 February – 9 October 2022 | United Nations[73] | |
Ukrainian forces (ZSU, NGU, SBGS) | 10,000 killed, 30,000 wounded, 7,200 missing (5,600 captured) | 24 February – 3 June 2022 | Ukrainian government[74][75][76][77] |
61,207 killed, 49,368 wounded | 24 February – 21 September 2022 | Russian government[78][79][80] | |
Ukrainian forces (ZSU) | ≈9,000 killed | 24 February – 21 August 2022 | Ukrainian government[81] |
Russian and allied forces (VSRF, Rosgvardiya, FSB, PMC Wagner, DPR & LPR) | |||
70,000–80,000 killed and wounded (20,000 killed) | 24 February – 8 August 2022 | US estimate[82][83] | |
65,320 losses[a] | 24 February – 17 October 2022 | Ukrainian government[84] | |
Russian forces (VSRF, Rosgvardiya, FSB) | 7,505 killed (conf. minimum by names) | 24 February – 13 October 2022 | BBC News Russian & Mediazona[89] |
Russian forces (VSRF) | 5,937 killed | 24 February – 21 September 2022 | Russian government[90] |
Donetsk PR forces | 3,351 killed, 14,090 wounded | 26 February – 14 October 2022 | Donetsk PR[91] |
Luhansk PR forces | 500–600 killed | 24 February – 5 April 2022 | Russian government[92] |
According to BBC News Russian and the Mediazona news website, out of 7,505 Russian soldiers whose deaths they had documented by 13 October 2022, 17 percent (1,278) were officers, while 21 percent (1,558) were Motorized Rifle Troops and 16 percent (1,221) were members of the Russian Airborne Forces (VDV).[89] Meanwhile, at the height of the fighting in May and June 2022, according to Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy[93] and presidential advisor Mykhailo Podolyak, between 100 and 200 Ukrainian soldiers were being killed in combat daily,[94] while presidential adviser Oleksiy Arestovych stated 150 soldiers were being killed and 800 wounded daily.[95] Mid-June, Davyd Arakhamia, Ukraine's chief negotiator with Russia, told Axios that between 200 and 500 Ukrainian soldiers were killed every day.[96] By late July, Ukrainian daily losses fell to around 30 killed and about 250 wounded.[93]
With respect to Russian military losses, Ukrainian estimates tended to be high, while Russian estimates of their own losses tended to be low. Combat deaths can be inferred from a variety of sources, including satellite imagery and video image of military actions.[97] According to a researcher at the Department of Peace and Conflict Research at Uppsala University in Sweden, regarding Russian military losses, Ukraine's government was engaged in a misinformation campaign aimed to boost morale, and Western media was generally happy to accept its claims, while Russia was "probably" downplaying its own casualties. Ukraine also tended to be quieter about its own military fatalities.[98] According to BBC News, Ukrainian claims of Russian fatalities were including the injured as well.[85][86] Analysts warned about accepting the Ukrainian claims as fact, as Western countries were emphasizing the Russian military's toll, while Russian news outlets have largely stopped reporting on the Russian death toll.[99] In early June 2022, the Svetlogorsk City Court in the Kaliningrad region ruled that a list of Russian soldiers killed in Ukraine, published by privately owned news websites, constituted "classified information" and its publication could be considered a criminal offense.[100][101]
The number of civilian and military deaths is impossible to determine with precision given the fog of war.[102][97] The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) considers the number of civilian casualties to be considerably higher than the one the United Nations are able to certify.[103]
On 12 October 2022, the independent Russian media project iStories reported that more than 90,000 Russian soldiers had been killed, seriously wounded, or gone missing in Ukraine, citing sources close to the Kremlin.[104][105]
Civilian deaths
By 17 October 2022, the Ukrainian prosecutor general announced that at least 423 children had been killed during the war, with a further 811 wounded.[106] At least 55 of the war-related child deaths were from the Kyiv area and another 34 were from Kharkiv.[107][108] Russia reported Ukrainian shelling of border areas in the Belgorod Oblast killed two people.[109][110] In addition, a Ukrainian attack on drilling platforms in the Black Sea near Crimea left seven workers missing.[111] 239 children have been also reported missing, and 7894 deported, as of October 3.
Area | Fatalities | Time period | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Chernihiv Oblast | 700+ killed[112] | 24 February – 29 March 2022 | Ukrainian government |
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast | 47 killed[113] | 24 April – 22 September 2022 | |
Donetsk Oblast (excluding Mariupol) | 973 killed[114] | 24 February – 11 October 2022 | |
Kharkiv Oblast | 1,277 killed[115] | 24 February – 30 September 2022 | |
Kyiv Oblast | 1,589+ killed[116] | 24 February – 31 March 2022 | |
Luhansk Oblast | 1,966 killed[117] | 24 February – 26 May 2022 | |
Lviv | 7 killed[118] | 18 April 2022 | |
Mariupol | 22,000+ killed[119][b] | 24 February – 25 May 2022 | |
Mykolaiv Oblast | 403 killed[121] | 24 February – 2 August 2022 | |
Odesa Oblast | 32 killed[122] | 24 February – 1 July 2022 | |
Poltava Oblast | 22 killed[123] | 27 June 2022 | |
Sumy Oblast | 100+ killed[124] | 24 February – 4 April 2022 | |
Zhytomyr Oblast | 13 killed[125][126][127][128] | 1–10 March 2022 | |
Total | 29,125+ killed | 24 February – 11 October 2022 |
Area | Fatalities | Time period | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Donetsk People's Republic | 987 killed[129] | 26 February – 14 October 2022 | Donetsk PR |
Luhansk People's Republic | 103 killed[130] | 17 February – 13 October 2022 | Luhansk PR |
Foreign civilians
At least 36 civilian foreign citizens from eighteen countries are confirmed to have been killed during the war.
Paul Urey and Dylan Healy, two British aid workers were captured by Russian forces,[152] Healy was charged with 'forcible seizure of power' and undergoing 'terrorist' training,[153] but later released on 22 September[154] while Urey died in captivity.[151] An American citizen was also detained by pro-Russian separatists forces and accused of 'participation in pro-Ukrainian protests'.[155]
Foreign fighters and volunteers
Excluding the Russian and Ukrainian military casualties, at least 130 combatants and volunteers from other countries were killed during the war. Below is a list of the nationalities of the foreign fighter casualties.
In addition, four British,[208][209] three American,[210][211] two Belarusian,[212] one Croatian,[213] one Israeli,[214] one Moroccan and one Swedish[213] fighter were captured by the Russian military and pro-Russian separatist forces.[215] A Peruvian citizen was also reported missing.[216]
On 21 September 2022, ten foreigners, the four British fighters and one civilian,[154] two Americans, one Moroccan, one Swedish and one Croatian citizen that were held by Russian-backed forces were released as part of a prisoner swap between Russia and Ukraine that was brokered by Saudi Arabia.[217] As of October 2022, the Israeli[214] and one American were still held by Russian separatist forces.[211]
Identification and repatriation
Sergiy Kyslytsya, the Ukrainian Ambassador to the United Nations, announced on 27 February 2022, that the country had reached out to the International Committee of the Red Cross for help in the repatriation effort of the bodies of killed Russian soldiers.[218] Due to concerns that Russia was not reporting the number or any casualties of soldiers in Ukraine, the Ukrainian Interior Ministry began issuing appeals that same day for relatives of Russian soldiers to help identify wounded, captured, or killed soldiers. The initiative, called Ishchi Svoikh (Russian: Ищи Своих, lit. 'Look for Your Own'), appeared aimed in part at undermining morale and support for the war in Russia and was quickly blocked by the Russian government's media regulator the day the initiative began at the request of Russia's Prosecutor-General's Office.[219][98]
Ukrainian authorities began using facial recognition technology supplied to them by Clearview AI on 12 March 2022, to help identify the deceased, along with potentially using it to uncover Russian spies, vet people at checkpoints and potentially combat misinformation. The Chief Executive of Clearview claimed that the technology could be more effective than matching fingerprints or other identifiable aspects of the individual, although a study by US Department of Energy highlighted the concern of decomposition reducing the effectiveness.[220][221] Kyiv authorities have also reached out to the International Commission on Missing Persons, which was formed to help after the 1990s Balkan conflicts and the 1995 Srebrenica massacre, and identifies individuals by collecting DNA samples from the deceased and families to cross match. The organization will also document the location of the body and how the individual died.[222]
As Russian soldiers began to retreat the identification of the dead civilians who had been unreported due to communication issues and constant fighting began to be reported. Documentation and identification of the bodies began with many hastily dug graves and rubble being cleared away to photograph and identify the bodies as well as count the number involved. Handwritten tags and passports have been attached to the bodies after identification before they are taken by coroners and officials.[223] In some locations villagers kept track of the deceased, such as in Yahidne, a village north of Kyiv, where they used a school basement wall to write the names of the deceased while under Russian control.[224]
As of late May 2022, Ukrainian authorities had stored at least 137 bodies of Russian soldiers that were collected near Kyiv,[225] as well as 62 in the Kharkiv region.[226] During June, the bodies of 374 Russian soldiers were exchanged for the bodies of 365 Ukrainian servicemen between Ukraine and Russia.[227][228][229][230]
Notable deaths
Ukrainian military
- On 24 February, Vitalii Skakun, a combat engineer, died during the Kherson offensive, reportedly sacrificing himself to ensure the destruction of a bridge to slow the Russian army's advance.[231]
- On 25 February, Colonel Oleksandr Oksanchenko died in the Battle of Kyiv.[232]
- On 25 February, Irina Tsvila, a Svoboda activist and soldier, was killed in Kyiv, along with her soldier husband.[233]
- On 26 February, Inna Derusova, a military medic and nurse, was killed by enemy fire while taking care of wounded fellow soldiers.[234]
- On 27 February, Sergeant Oleksiy Seniuk was killed by Russian Armed Forces in the Siege of Chernihiv.[235][236]
- On 1 March, Oleksandr Kulyk, an Olympic cycling coach, was killed in the battle near Nyzy in Sumy Oblast.[237]
- On 2 March, Captain Oleksandr Korpan was killed in Starokostiantyniv, Khmelnytskyi.[238]
- On 4 March, Valeriy Chybineyev, a sniper, was killed at the Battle of Antonov Airport.[239]
- On 6 March, Pavlo Lee, an actor and member of the Territorial Defense Forces, was killed during the Kyiv offensive.[240]
- On 7 March, Oleksandr Marchenko, a former member of the Ukrainian Parliament and member of Territorial Defense Forces was killed in a battle near Kyiv.[241]
- On 8 March, Sergeant Kateryna Stupnytska from the 3rd Mechanised Battalion was killed in Kyiv. She was awarded with the Hero of Ukraine and the "Golden Star" Order.[242]
- On 9 March, Colonel Serhiy Kotenko, Commander of the 9th Separate Motorized Infantry Battalion "Vinnytsa Scythians" was killed in battle near Zaparizhzhia.[243]
- On 10 March, Yevhen Deidei, a former member of the Ukrainian Parliament, and deputy leader of Special Tasks Patrol Police Kyiv-1, was killed during the Battle of Kyiv in unknown circumstances.[244][245]
- On 12 March, Colonel Dmytro Apukhtin, Deputy Commander of the 23rd Public Security Protection Brigade was killed near Mariupol during the attack of an enemy column.[246]
- On 12 March, Colonel Valeriy Hudz, Commander of the 24th Mechanized Brigade was killed in Lugansk.[247]
- On 13 March, Major Stephen Tarabalka, an Air Force pilot, was shot down and killed while fighting Russian forces. Tarabalka was hinted by Western media to be the Ghost of Kyiv.[248]
- On 13 March, Aliaksiej Skoblia, Belarusian volunteer, member of Ukrainian Special Operations Forces and deputy Commander of Kastuś Kalinoŭski Battalion. Killed by Russian forces during an ambush in the outskirt of Kyiv.[249][250]
- On 14 March, Mykola Kravchenko, a public and political figure, and the founder of the right-wing Azov Battalion, was killed during the Battle of Kyiv.[251][252]
- On 25 March, Senior lieutenant Maxim Kagal was killed during the Battle of Mariupol. He was a kickboxing athlete and world champion in the national team of Ukraine; awarded posthumously Hero of Ukraine.[253][254]
- On 1 April, Yuriy Ruf, a poet, was killed while fighting Russian forces in Luhansk.[255]
- On 30 April, Ivan Bidnyak, a Silver medalist at the European Shooting Championships, was killed in action.[256]
- On 7 May, Colonel Ihor Bedzai , Commander of the 10th Naval Aviation Brigade , and deputy commander of Ukrainian Navy, was killed by a missile from a Russian fighter jet while performing a combat mission.[257][258][259]
- On 9 June, Roman Ratushny, a Euromaidan activist and soldier, died during a battle near Izyum.[260]
- On 12 June, Aleksey Chubashev , a military journalist and soldier, died during the Donbas offensive. Chubashev was the Chief of a Radio and a TV channel of the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense.[261][262]
- On 19 June, Oleh Kutsyn, a political and military figure, died during battle in Izyum. Kutsyn was the head of the "Legion of Freedom" of the Svoboda party as well as Commander of company "Karpatska Sich" of the 93rd Mechanized Brigade of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.[263][264]
- On 30 June, Thalita do Valle, a Brazilian model and actor, was killed by a missle strike, whilst fighting in Kharkiv.[265]
- On 23 July, Colonel Vitaliy Gulyaev , Commander of the 28th Separate Mechanized Brigade died in Mykolaiv by an enemy airtrike.[266]
- On 26 July, Major Oleksandr Kukurba, chief of Intelligence at the HQ of the 299th Tactical Aviation Brigade of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.[267][268]
- On 3 September, Vyacheslav Nalivaiko, soldier and the Director of the military enterprise Ukrainian Armor was killed near Mykolayv.[269]
- On 12 September, Oleksandr Shapoval, a ballet dancer and choreographer at the National Opera of Ukraine was killed in a battle near Donetsk.[270]
- On 19 September, Major Andriy Nikolaychuk, Deputy Commander of the 93rd Mechanized Brigade, was killed in Kharkiv.[271]
- On 27 September, Ablyatif Rustem , a political scientist and Crimean Tatar historian and public figure, died fighting against Russian troops.[272]
- On 28 September, Lieutenant Colonel Igor Bezoglyuk , founder of the Legion for Ukraine died in Kharkiv when his vehicle was hit by a mine.[273]
Ukrainian civilians and journalists
- On 7 March, Mayor of Hostomel, Yuriy Prylypko, was killed by Russian forces.[274]
- On 17 March, Artem Datsyshyn, a ballet dancer, died from injuries suffered on 26 February from Russian shelling in Kyiv.[275]
- On 17 March, Yevhen Obedinsky, a member of the Ukrainian Olympic waterpolo team, died in the Siege of Mariupol.[276]
- On 18 March, Borys Romanchenko, a Holocaust survivor, was killed in a shelling attack in Kharkiv.[277]
- On 18 March, Oksana Shvets, an actress, died in a shelling attack on a Kyiv residential building.[278]
- On 23 March, Mayor of Motyzhyn, Olga Sukhenko, was killed by Russian forces.[279]
- On 31 March, Oleksiy Tsybko, a rugby union player, was killed by Russian forces.[280]
- On 2 April, the Prosecutor General's office announced the death of Ukrainian photographer Maks Levin due to Russian small-arms fire. He had disappeared on 13 March.[281]
- On 28 April, Vira Hyrych, a Ukrainian journalist, was killed by Russian shelling.[282]
- On 29 April, the Mariupol City Council reported that Alina Peregudova, 14, who won gold at Ukraine's national weightlifting championship in 2021 and was on course to represent Ukraine at the Olympics, was killed in the Russian shelling of Mariupol. Her mother was also killed in the attack.[283][284]
- On 30 April, Lyubov Panchenko, a fashion designer, died of starvation.[285][286]
- On 31 July, Oleksiy Vadaturskyi, an agricultural and grain logistics businessman and the founder of Nibulon, the largest grain logistic company in Ukraine, was killed in the Russian shelling of Mykolaiv. His wife was also killed in the attack.[287]
- On 12 October, Yurii Kerpatenko, principal conductor of the Mykola Kulish Music and Drama Theatre , was killed by Russian forces in his home.[288][289]
Foreign civilians and journalists
- On 13 March, Brent Renaud, an American journalist and documentarian, was killed by Russian forces.[239]
- On 2 April, Mantas Kvedaravičius, a Lithuanian documentarian, was killed while fleeing the Siege of Mariupol.[290]
Russian and DPR/LPR military
- On 4 March, Major general Andrei Sukhovetsky, deputy commander of the 41st Combined Arms Army, was killed in combat.[291]
- On 5 March, Colonel Vladimir Zhoga, commander of the Sparta Battalion, was killed in Volnovakha.[292]
- On 11 March, Ukrainian officials claimed Major general Andrei Kolesnikov, commander of the 29th Combined Arms Army, was killed in combat.[293][294]
- On 15 March, Ukrainian officials claimed Major general Oleg Mityaev, commander of the 150th Rifle Division, was killed in combat by the Azov Battalion.[295]
- On 19–20 March, Russian officials confirmed that Captain 1st rank Andrei Paliy, a deputy commander of Russia's Black Sea Fleet, was killed in combat in Mariupol.[296][297][298]
- On 25 March, Ukrainian officials claimed Lieutenant general Yakov Rezantsev, commander of Russia's 49th Combined Arms Army, was "most likely" killed as a result of Ukrainian strike on the command post of 49th Russian Army in Chornobaivka.[299]
- On 15 April, Ukrainian officials claimed that Captain 1st Rank Anton Kuprin, the captain of the Moskva, was killed when the ship sank on 14 April.[300]
- On 16 April, Russian officials said that Major General Vladimir Petrovich Frolov, Deputy Commander of the 8th Guards Army, was killed in combat in Ukraine, details were not provided.[301]
- On 30 April, Ukrainian officials claimed that Major general Andrei Simonov, Chief of the Electronic Warfare Troops of the 2nd Army, was killed by Ukrainian forces near Izium.[302]
- On 22 May, Major general Kanamat Botashev, was killed in the Luhansk region when his Su-25 was shot down by a FIM-92 Stinger missile.[303]
- On 5 June, Lieutenant general Roman Kutuzov, Commander of the 1st Army Corps, Donetsk People's Militia, was killed in Popasnyansky district, Luhansk.[304]
- On 29 July, Colonel Olga Kachura was killed by a missile strike in Horlivka.[305]
Pro-Russian Ukrainian civilians
- On 2 March, Volodymyr Struk, the mayor of Kreminna and a former member of the Ukrainian Parliament was found shot dead after being kidnapped.[306]
- On 27 March, Oleksandr Rzhavskyy, a former member of the Ukrainian Parliament, was killed by Russian forces during the Bucha massacre.[239][307]
- On 9 May, Davyd Zhvania, a former member of the Ukrainian Parliament and Emergency Minister of Ukraine, was killed by Russian forces.[308]
- On 28 August, Oleksii Kovalov, a member of the Ukrainian Parliament, was shot dead during an attack at his place of residence.[309]
- On 16 September, Sergei Gorenko, Prosecutor General of the Luhansk People's Republic, was killed in an explosion from an improvised explosive device in Luhansk.[310]
- On 25 September, Oleksiy Zhuravko, a former member of the Ukrainian Parliament, died in a Ukrainian airstrike in Kherson during the Ukrainian southern counteroffensive.[311]
Prisoners of war
There have been many instances of troops being captured by both Ukrainian and Russian forces throughout the invasion.
Russia claimed to have captured 572 Ukrainian soldiers by 2 March 2022,[312] while Ukraine claimed 562 Russian soldiers were being held as prisoners as of 20 March,[313] with 10 previously reported released in prisoner exchanges for five Ukrainian soldiers and the mayor of Melitopol, Ivan Fedorov.[314][315] Subsequently, the first large prisoner exchange took place on 24 March, when 10 Russian and 10 Ukrainian soldiers, as well as 11 Russian and 19 Ukrainian civilian sailors, were exchanged.[316][317][318] Among the released Ukrainian soldiers was one of 13 Ukrainian border-guard members captured during the Russian attack on Snake Island.[319] Later, on 1 April, 86 Ukrainian servicemen were exchanged[320] for an unknown number of Russian troops.[321]
On 8 March, a Ukrainian defense reporter with The Kyiv Independent announced that the Ukrainian government was working towards having Russian POWs help revive Ukraine's economy in full compliance with international law.[322] Ukraine's ambassador to the U.S., Oksana Markarova, reported that a platoon of the 74th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade from Kemerovo Oblast surrendered to Ukraine, saying they "didn't know that they were brought to Ukraine to kill Ukrainians".[323] Ukraine held a series of press conferences with about a dozen POW's, where the POW's made comments against the invasion, how they had been manipulated and for the conflict to end. While some have raised concerns that the conferences breach the Geneva Convention through potential unnecessary humiliation, US journalists who spoke to POW's independently of the conference claimed there was no intervention by Ukraine officials, by physical or mental coercion.[324] According to The Guardian, while it was likely that Ukraine was using the discomfort of captured soldiers for propaganda purposes, still the videos succeeded in showing the Russian servicemen's "authentic sense" of regret for having come to Ukraine.[325] Amnesty International argued that Article 13 of the Third Geneva Convention prohibits videos of captured soldiers.[326] Captured Ukrainian soldiers with British citizenship were recorded calling for Boris Johnson to arrange for them to be freed in exchange for pro-Kremlin Ukrainian politician Viktor Medvedchuck. The videos were broadcast separately on Rossiya 24 TV channel, causing MP Robert Jenrick, to call the videos a "flagrant breach" of the Geneva Convention. A Russian spokeswoman claimed that she had also told Johnson during a phone call about the men's treatment that the UK should "show mercy" to the Ukrainian citizens by stopping military aid to the Ukrainian government when asked to show the men mercy.[327]
On 11 March it was stated by the Ukrainian Defense Ministry that Russian armed forces were attempting to coerce Ukrainian POW's to fight for Russia in exchange for amnesty.[328] The head of the Ukrainian Coordination Headquarters for POW Treatment, Iryna Vereshchuk, raised concerns that Russia had not released information to Ukrainian authorities on the location of any Ukrainian POW's and the International Red Cross had not been allowed to see them, as of 16 March.[329]
By 21 April, Russia claimed that 1,478 Ukrainian troops had been captured during the course of the siege of Mariupol.[330] On 22 April, Yuri Sirovatko, Minister of Justice of the Donetsk People's Republic, claimed that some 3,000 Ukrainian prisoners of war were held in the territory of the DPR.[331] On 20 May, the Russian Ministry of Defense claimed that 2,439 Ukrainian soldiers had been taken prisoner over the previous five days as a result of the surrender of the last defenders of Mariupol, entrenched inside the Azovstal Iron and Steel Works.[332] On 26 May, Rodion Miroshnik, ambassador of the Luhansk People's Republic to Russia, claimed that around 8,000 Ukrainian POWs were held within the territory of the DPR and LPR.[333] According to a statement by Sergei Shoigu, Russia's Minister of Defence, in early June 2022, 6,489 Ukrainian soldiers had surrendered since the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[334]
In a report by The Independent on 9 June, it cited an intelligence report that more than 5,600 Ukrainian soldiers had been captured, while the number of Russian servicemen being held as prisoners had fallen to 550, from 900 in April, following several prisoner exchanges.[76] In contrast, the Ukrayinska Pravda newspaper claimed 1,000 Russian soldiers were being held as prisoners as of 20 June.[335]
Dates of prisoner exchanges | Russian prisoners | Ukrainian prisoners | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
1 March 2022 | 1 soldier | 5 soldiers | [314] |
16 March 2022 | 9 soldiers | 1 civilian | [315] |
24 March 2022 | 10 soldiers, 11 civilians | 10 soldiers, 19 civilians | [318] |
1 April 2022 | Unknown | 86 soldiers | [336] |
9 April 2022 | Unk. soldiers, 18 civilians | 12 soldiers, 14 civilians | [337] |
14 April 2022 | Unknown | 22 soldiers, 8 civilians | [338] |
15 April 2022 | 4 soldiers | 5 soldiers | [339] |
19 April 2022 | Unknown | 60 soldiers, 16 civilians | [340] |
21 April 2022 | Unknown | 10 soldiers, 9 civilians | [341] |
28 April 2022 | Unknown | 33 soldiers, 12 civilians | [342] |
30 April 2022 | Unknown | 7 soldiers, 7 civilians | [343] |
6 May 2022 | Unk. soldiers, 11 civilians | 28 soldiers, 13 civilians | [344][345] |
10 June 2022 | 4 soldiers | 4 soldiers, 1 civilian | [346] |
18 June 2022 | 5 N/A | 5 civilians | [347] |
28 June 2022 | 15 N/A | 16 soldiers, 1 civilian | [348] |
29 June 2022 | 144 soldiers | 144 soldiers | [349][350] |
21 September 2022 | 55 soldiers, 1 civilian[e] | 215 soldiers[f] | [351][154] |
30 September 2022 | Unknown | 4 soldiers, 2 civilians | [352] |
September 2022 | Unknown | 14 N/A | [352] |
11 October 2022 | Unknown | 32 soldiers | [353] |
13 October 2022 | 10 soldiers | 20 soldiers | [354][355] |
17 October 2022 | 30 soldiers, 80 civilians | 96 soldiers, 12 civilians | [356] |
See also
- Alley of Angels in Donetsk, a memorial that lists children killed during the war in Donbas
- The Wall of Remembrance of the Fallen for Ukraine
- Casualties during the 2013–2014 Ukraine crisis
- Military history of the Russian Federation
Notes
- The number of Ukrainian soldiers killed includes the deaths of two servicemen during the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation.
- ^ The deaths of the Russian soldiers have not been confirmed by their government and have possibly been included in the toll of dead rebel fighters.
- ^ Out of the 1,185 civilians and rebels killed in the Luhansk region by 15 February 2015,[26] 456 were civilians who died by 29 October.[27] In addition, 526 of the civilians and rebels died in Luhansk city alone by 11 September,[28] of which 300 were confirmed as civilians by 31 August.[29]
- ^ The LPR reported 1,700 civilians had been killed by November 2021,[31] with an update in March 2022 putting the figure at 2,000.[32] However, from earlier reporting it was evident that the LPR's figures included both civilians and soldiers.[33][34]
- ^ See table here for a detailed breakdown of civilian deaths by oblast, according to Ukrainian authorities.
- ^ The Ministry of Defence of Ukraine uses the terms "combat losses" and "liquidated".[84] According to the BBC, these figures include wounded soldiers,[85][86] while others interpret the figures to be referring to only those killed.[87][88]
- ^ One civil volunteer claimed 87,000 identified civilians were killed in Mariupol and another 26,750 were unidentified.[120]
- ^ Killed by a quadcopter dropped explosive device on a vehicle at the Troebortnoye border checkpoint, in Russia's Bryansk Region[148]
- Aid worker Paul Urey was captured by Russian forces on 29 April 2022 and died in detention on 15 July 2022.
- ^ Pro Russia politician Viktor Medvedchuk
- ^ Includes soldiers, border guards, police officers and 10 foreign fighters from the International Legion of Territorial Defense of Ukraine
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- ^ 1 killed (24 April),[9] 10 killed (27 May),[10] 7 killed (28 June),[11] 25 killed (25 Aug.),[12] 4 killed (18–22 Sep.),[13][14][15] total of 47 reported killed
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- ^ 256 killed in Kreminna,[18][19] 60 killed in Bilohorivka,[20] 150 killed in Lysychansk,[21] 1,500 killed in Severodonetsk,[22] total of 1,966 reported killed
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- ^ 1 killed (3 March),[23] 8 killed (24 April),[24] 1 killed (11 May),[25] 22 killed (1 July),[26] total of 32 reported killed
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- ^ Moscow, Kyiv swap 218 prisoners, including 108 Ukrainian women
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